MineralsGroup3

Minerals- a naturally occurring, inorganic solid, with a speacific chemical composition and a definite crystalline structure.The earths crust is made of about 3000 minerals.

Characteristics of a Mineral- shapes the earth's surface. - are not alive-- are solids.--naturally accuring.

Chemical Properties of a Mineral-the temerature effects the mineral.

Mineral Families- minerals are classified based on their chemical properies and characteristics- Minerals that contain silicon and oxygen and usally one or more other element are __Silicates -__ - __Carbonates__ when Oxygen combines easily with almost all other elements, and forms other mineral groups.-- __Oxides__ -- are compounds of oxygen and a metal. - __Ore__ are minerals that contain a valuable substance that can be mined at a profit,

Physical Properties of Minerals- when minerals evaporate they are called evaporites. Minerals pyhisical properties help you determin what each mineral is. the physical properties are the color, texture, shape, and size.

Special properties-magnetism, striations, double refraction, effervescence with hydrochloric acis and fluorecence.-- the refraction makes it look like there aremages. --- There are many ways to identify minerals such as.Finding there Luster-the way that a mineral reflects light from the surface hardness-is the measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched cleavage and fracture- Atomatic arrangment also determines how a mineral will break Streak-is the color of a mineral when it is broken Iceland Spar is a form of calcite that doubles refraction.This is becasue the atoms in calcite cause the light to bend in two directions. The refraction of a single ray of light into two rays creates the apperences of two images. __Iridescence__- A play of colors, caused by the bending of light. __Double refraction__- occurs when a ray of light passes thrugh the mineral and is split into two rays. __Effervescence__- occurs when reaction with hydrochloric acid causes calcite to fizz.

__Magnetism__- occurs between minerals that contain iron;Only magnetite and pyrrhotite are strongly magnetic. __Fluorescence__ - Occurs when some minerals are exposed to ultraviolet light, which causes them to glow in the dark.

Texture- describes how a mineral feels to the touch. Texture of a mineral are smooth, raggrd rough, greasy or soapy. Used to identify minerals.

Luster--- is the way a mineral reflects light from its surface. Two types of luster-- 1=metallic luster= silver, copper and gold they all shine 2= nonmetallic luster=calcitr, gypsum, sulfur and quartz does not shine

---Quartz ---aquamarine ---Calcite --- Pyrite

Albite Ulexite Labradorite--- fluorescent minerals in the dark  Magnetite mineral

Special Properties

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Minerals are often dissolved in water for example the salts are dissolved in ocean water and make it salty.

Resourses= New York earth science textbook.

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